Which type of pneumothorax is often associated with apical blebs?

• A. Closed pneumothorax
• B. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax
• C. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
• D. Tension pneumothorax

Answer: (B)

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is associated with apical blebs, which are small, thin-walled cystic spaces that can develop at the apex of the lungs. These blebs can rupture spontaneously, leading to air entering the pleural space and causing a pneumothorax. Young, healthy individuals, particularly tall males between the ages of 16 and 30, are often affected by this condition, which occurs without any obvious underlying lung disease.

In contrast, closed pneumothorax refers to air in the pleural space without any external breech in the pleura, which does not specifically point to the presence of apical blebs. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in individuals with existing lung disease, such as COPD or cystic fibrosis, and is not primarily linked to apical blebs. Tension pneumothorax is characterized by a rapid accumulation of air in the pleural space that causes increased intrathoracic pressure and potential cardiovascular compromise, but it is a result of one-way airflow into the pleural cavity often linked to trauma or mechanical ventilation, rather than the presence of blebs.

Thus, the choice of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is supported by its direct association with the formation and rupture of ap