Which is a non-respiratory function of the pulmonary system?

• A. Oxygen transport
• B. Acid-base regulation
• C. Gas exchange
• D. Heat exchange

Answer: (B)

The pulmonary system has several functions beyond just facilitating breathing and gas exchange. Acid-base regulation is a key non-respiratory function of the pulmonary system. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis within the body by managing the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood.

When CO2 levels increase in the bloodstream, it forms carbonic acid, which can lead to acidosis. The lungs respond by increasing the rate and depth of breathing to expel more CO2, thus helping to regulate the pH of the blood. Conversely, during situations where there is low CO2 (alkalosis), the breathing rate may decrease to retain CO2, contributing to the acid-base balance.

This regulation is vital for metabolic processes and maintaining the overall function of various bodily systems. Other functions such as oxygen transport and gas exchange are directly related to the respiratory process, while heat exchange is more about thermoregulation than a direct pulmonary function per se.