What is a common medication that may depress the respiratory drive and contribute to hypoventilation?

• A. Stimulants
• B. Anxiolytics
• C. Antibiotics
• D. NSAIDs

Answer: (B)

Anxiolytics, commonly used for their sedative effects, have a significant impact on the central nervous system. They work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which leads to decreased neuronal excitability. This depressant effect extends to the brainstem, where the respiratory centers are located. As a result, high doses or certain types of anxiolytics can reduce the respiratory drive, leading to hypoventilation. This is particularly concerning in individuals who may already have compromised respiratory function or who are taking other medications that can also depress the respiratory system.

In contrast, stimulants increase alertness and can enhance respiratory drive; antibiotics are used to treat infections without directly affecting the respiratory drive; and NSAIDs primarily provide pain relief and anti-inflammatory effects, with little to no direct impact on respiration. Thus, anxiolytics are the most likely choice to cause hypoventilation due to their depressant effects on the respiratory centers in the brain.