What does ACE II convert angiotensin II to?

• A. Angiotensin I
• B. Angiotensin III
• C. Angiotensin (1-7)
• D. Angiotensin (1-5)

Answer: (C)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin system, particularly in modulating the effects of angiotensin II. ACE2 is responsible for converting angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that promotes blood pressure elevation and fluid retention, into angiotensin (1-7). This conversion is significant because angiotensin (1-7) has opposing effects to angiotensin II; it promotes vasodilation, sodium excretion, and anti-inflammatory effects, thereby helping to balance the cardiovascular system and maintain homeostasis.

The distinguishing function of ACE2 emphasizes its importance in cardiovascular health, especially in mitigating the adverse effects associated with high levels of angiotensin II. Thus, the correct association of ACE2 with the conversion of angiotensin II to angiotensin (1-7) reflects its role in protecting against hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. Understanding this pathway is key for appreciating therapeutic targets in conditions such as heart failure and hypertension.