What do goblet cells produce?

• A. Serous fluid
• B. Mucus
• C. Surfactant
• D. Antimicrobial proteins

Answer: (B)

Goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells primarily found in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Their main function is to produce and secrete mucus, a viscous fluid that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of the airways and digestive system. In the respiratory tract, mucus acts as a protective barrier, trapping inhaled particles, pathogens, and allergens, and facilitating their removal from the airways. This mucus layer is vital for respiratory health because it helps keep the airways moist, prevents irritation, and supports the action of cilia in clearing mucus and debris from the respiratory passages.

Mucus production by goblet cells is also part of the body’s innate immune response, providing a first line of defense against respiratory infections. This is why the correct answer focuses on mucus production, highlighting the essential role goblet cells play in both protecting and maintaining the respiratory tract's overall function.