In which population is the Hering-Bruer inflation reflex predominantly applicable?

• A. Adults
• B. Children
• C. Infants
• D. The elderly

Answer: (C)

The Hering-Breuer inflation reflex is predominantly applicable in infants, primarily because their respiratory systems are still developing and are more responsive to mechanical changes in lung volume. This reflex is an involuntary physiological response that helps regulate breathing patterns by preventing over-inflation of the lungs. When the lungs expand, stretch receptors activate, sending signals to the brain to inhibit further inhalation, thus ensuring a controlled breathing mechanism.

In infants, whose lung mechanics and volume regulation are still maturing, this reflex plays a critical role in establishing proper respiratory rhythms. While it is present in adults and other populations, its influence is not as pronounced, as the adult respiratory control becomes more sophisticated and involves more complex neural mechanisms over time. In adults, the chemoreceptor control and other respiratory center influences take precedence over the Hering-Breuer reflex.

In summary, the reflex is particularly significant in infants due to their developing lungs and breathing control mechanisms, making it a key physiological process in early life respiratory management.